Tsav los ntawm ob qhov kev xav tau ntawm kev txhim kho kev ua liaj ua teb zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev tsim kho kom ruaj khov thoob ntiaj teb, cov tshuaj tua kab intermediates kev lag luam tau nkag mus rau lub sijhawm ntawm cov qauv kev hloov pauv.Raws li qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj tua kab kev lag luam, cov kev taw qhia thev naus laus zis thiab cov qauv tsim tawm ntawm cov khoom nruab nrab tsis tsuas yog cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom xyaw tseem ceeb tab sis kuj, rau qee yam, txiav txim siab txog kev lag luam kev lag luam {1}. Tam sim no, kev lag luam tiam sis nthuav tawm peb lub ntsiab lus tseem ceeb: kev hloov kho ntsuab ntsuab, siab -kawg leapfrogging, thiab innovation- tsav kev loj hlob.
Kev txhim kho ntsuab tau dhau los ua kev pom zoo ntawm kev lag luam thiab kev txwv nruj. Nrog rau cov kev cai nruj ib puag ncig hauv ntau lub teb chaws thiab kev siv "dual carbon" lub hom phiaj, cov kev sib txuas ib txwm ua los ntawm kev ua qias tuaj thiab kev siv hluav taws xob siab raug tshem tawm siab. Cov tuam txhab tab tom tshawb nrhiav qis- cov kuab tshuaj los yog hnyav- cov txheej txheem pub dawb, qhia txog kev siv tau zoo thiab lub zog-txuag thev naus laus zis xws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis tu ncua thiab microwave- pab synthesis los txo qis emissions ntawm cov pa khib nyiab, dej khib nyiab, thiab cov khoom pov tseg thiab kev siv hluav taws xob. Tib lub sijhawm, kev tsim kho tshiab ntawm cov tshuab catalytic yog qhov tseem ceeb tshwj xeeb. Cov kev daws teeb meem ntsuab xws li enzyme catalysis thiab hlau-organic moj khaum (MOF) catalysis yog maj mam hloov qee cov tshuaj lom catalysts, ua tiav cov tshuaj tiv thaiv me me thiab txo qis cov khoom lag luam. Cov peev txheej rov ua dua tshiab kuj tau siv dav rau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, txhim kho atom kev lag luam los ntawm kev rov qab los ntawm cov khoom lag luam thiab niam cawv rov tsim dua tshiab, yog li ua raws li lub tswv yim kev lag luam ncig los ntawm qhov chaw.
High -kawg transformation stems los ntawm kev kho dua tshiab ntawm downstream xav tau. Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev sib kis ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab- tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kab mob thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm cov qoob loo tshiab tau ua rau muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv, qis- residue, thiab cov hom tshuaj tua kab, yuam cov intermediates los txhim kho rau ntau cov qauv thiab cov haujlwm meej dua. Fluorine-muaj, silicon-muaj, thiab polycyclic heterocyclic intermediates tau dhau los ua kev tshawb fawb hotspots vim lawv cov teebmeem hluav taws xob tshwj xeeb thiab kev teeb tsa spatial, ua rau lawv cov synthesis nyuaj thiab ntxiv tus nqi. Ntawm qhov tod tes, qhov nce ntawm cov kev pabcuam customization ntawm tus kheej, nrog rau cov intermediates tshwj xeeb tsim los rau cov khoom xyaw tshwj xeeb molecules, xav kom cov tuam txhab muaj cov lus teb sai thiab hloov tau yooj yim, ua rau kev lag luam hloov pauv los ntawm qhov loj -scale standardization mus rau me me -batch, multi{10}}ntau yam qauv.
Innovation-tsav kev loj hlob yog lub hauv paus ntsiab lus rau kev lag luam txoj kev loj hlob mus ntev-. Tawm tsam cov keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev txuas ntxiv kev tsim kho tshuaj tua kab tshiab thiab cov nqi nce ntxiv, kev ua tiav hauv cov txheej txheem sib xyaw nruab nrab tuaj yeem ua rau luv luv R & D saw thiab txo cov nqi. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, kev suav chemistry thiab kev txawj ntse txawj ntse- pab tsim qauv molecular tau pib siv rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev kwv yees thiab kev ua kom zoo dua qub, txhim kho R&D kev ua tau zoo. Interdisciplinary kev koom ua ke yog sib sib zog nqus, nrog biosynthesis thiab tshuaj synthesis complementing ib leeg los muab ntsuab lwm txoj rau ib co complex intermediates. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev txhim kho kev lag luam- kev kawm txuj ci- kev tshawb fawb kev sib koom tes yog ua kom muaj kev hloov pauv ntawm cov kev tshawb fawb hauv paus rau hauv kev siv hauv kev lag luam, txhaj cov thev naus laus zis txuas ntxiv mus rau hauv kev lag luam.
Nws yog qhov tsim nyog hais tias kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb kev lag luam thiab cov khoom lag luam muaj zog tau dhau los ua cov kev xav tshiab. Tawm tsam keeb kwm yav dhau los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm thaj chaw thaj chaw thiab kev lag luam teeb meem, kev xa khoom hauv cheeb tsam thiab tus kheej - kev txaus siab ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb tau dhau los ua qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm kev lag luam.
Saib tom ntej, cov tshuaj tua kab nruab nrab ntawm kev lag luam, uas tau tsav los ntawm kev txhim kho ntsuab thiab qib siab - cov khoom kawg, yuav tso siab rau kev tsim kho tshiab kom txuas ntxiv nthuav nws cov ciam teb thev naus laus zis, ua tiav qhov kev vam meej los ntawm kev txhawb nqa tshuaj lom neeg mus rau siab - tus nqi tsim khoom ntse, muab kev txhawb nqa rau ntsuab kev loj hlob ntawm kev ua liaj ua teb niaj hnub no.